Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Ki - 67 (Immunocytochemistry) and AgNOR in Detecting Early Changes in Smokers and Tobacco Chewers.

  

  S. Prasanna , Mohanavel , S. Dinesh

 Abstract

The study aimed to validate the accuracy of Ki-67 (ICC marker) in identifying proliferative and malignant changes occurring in exfoliated buccal cells and compare it with the standard AgNOR staining technique. The study group comprised normal, smokers, and tobacco chewers, with a total of 30 subjects. The solutions for AgNOR staining were prepared as prescribed by Bukhari et al. (2007), and Ki-67 was used for ICC procedures. The AgNOR count was higher in smokers than in chewers. The AgNOR counts in chewers were also comparatively higher when compared to normal and close to smokers. The Immunocytochemistry (ICC) study showed positive expression of Ki-67 in the nucleus of exfoliated cells, which was significantly higher in chewers than in smokers and normal individuals. We conclude that ICC (Ki-67) is even more sensitive than AgNOR and can be used as an adjunct to histopathological investigations. As literature states that proliferation is observable with AgNOR, this holds true for the ICC technique with Ki-67 as well. ...Read More >>

 Comparison of TMA, Stainless Steel and Timolium for Friction, Load Deflection and Surface Characteristics

  

  K. Abhirami ,

 Abstract

The present study aims to characterize and compare the mechanical properties and surface characteristics of two arch wire alloys commonly used in orthodontics: stainless steel and TMA, along with a newly introduced material, Timolium. An INSTRON 2366 testing machine was utilized for frictional characteristic and three-point bend testing. Scanning electron microscopy was employed for surface evaluation and X-ray fluorescence for elemental analysis of Timolium wire specimens.Stainless steel was found to be the strongest arch wire alloy, with less friction at the arch wire-bracket interface. TMA wires exhibited better load deflection characteristics with less stiffness than the other two wires. However, the surface of TMA appeared rough and exhibited very high values for friction at the arch wire-bracket interface.Timolium appeared to be an alpha-beta titanium alloy composed of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium and showed intermediate values for all the parameters evaluated. With its smooth surface, reduced friction, and better strength, Timolium could be considered a breakthrough material in clinical orthodontic practice. ...Read More >>

 Drug Induced Oral Erythema Multiforme: A Case Report

  

  Divya N. L. , Eugenia Sherubin , Dinaksh Kumar

 Abstract

Erythema multiforme is an acute, self-limited, and sometimes recurring skin condition that is considered to be a type IV hypersensitivity reaction associated with herpes infection, medication, and various other triggers. In this report, we describe a case of drug-induced Erythema Multiforme in a 56-year-old woman who developed oral lesions after taking antiepileptic medication. ...Read More >>

 A Review of Wegener's Granulomatosis - A Rare Granulomatous Disease

  

  Dhanya S. V. , Tatu Joy E. , ShashiKiran M. , Rahul R.

 Abstract

Wegener's Granulomatosis is a rare multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, and vasculitis. The etiology of WG remains unknown, although several exogenous factors have been suggested to be relevant. Most clinical characteristics of this disease are nonspecific, making clinical diagnosis challenging. Histopathological examination of lesional tissue is not pathognomonic, but it is an essential investigation to confirm the presence of the disease and exclude other disorders. This paper reviews the peculiar aspects of this rare granulomatous disease with respect to diagnosis, laboratory features, and treatment. ...Read More >>

 Management of Palatogingival Groove Associated with Localized Periodontitis - A Case Report

  

  V. Benedict , K. S. Premkumar , C. S. Prabhahar , M. Jeevitha

 Abstract

Palatogingival groove is a developmental anomaly that has been implicated as an initiating factor in localized gingivitis and periodontitis. These grooves, which facilitate plaque growth, can present a challenge to the dentist in diagnosis and treatment planning. This article describes the management of shallow palatogingival grooves present in the maxillary incisors. In the present case, a timely diagnosis was made and treated surgically with odontoplasty. The grooves were sealed with BiodentineTM and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). On re-examination of the patient after 6 months, the patient had good oral hygiene and no signs of disease progression. ...Read More >>